Definition
A compiler is a system component that translates source code written in a high-level programming language into a lower-level representation suitable for execution by a specific runtime or virtual machine. In blockchain contexts, it converts smart contract code into bytecode or an equivalent executable format that conforms to the rules, instruction set, and constraints of the target blockchain environment.
In Simple Terms
A compiler is a program that takes human-readable code and turns it into machine-readable code that a blockchain or virtual machine can run. For smart contracts, it transforms the written contract code into the exact format the underlying blockchain system understands and can execute.
Context and Usage
In blockchain ecosystems, compilers are central to smart contract development and deployment. They are invoked during the build phase of a project to transform contract source files into bytecode or artifacts that match the expectations of a particular chain or virtual machine. Discussions of compilers often arise around language support, security properties of generated code, and compatibility with specific blockchain execution environments.