Definition
A supply chain is the complete system that connects raw material sources, manufacturers, distributors, and retailers to deliver a finished product to the end customer. It includes every step where goods are produced, stored, transported, and handed off between different parties. The concept focuses on how materials, products, and related information flow across this network from start to finish.
In many modern contexts, supply chains also involve digital records that track where items come from, how they are handled, and when they change hands. This makes the supply chain not just about physical movement, but also about managing data and coordination between many different participants. The goal of a supply chain is to make these flows as reliable, transparent, and efficient as possible.
Context and Usage
In discussions that involve technology and digital assets, the term supply chain often highlights the importance of traceability and trusted records across many organizations. Because a supply chain usually spans multiple companies and even countries, it can be complex and difficult to monitor with traditional, isolated databases.
When used in a broader innovation context, supply chain as a concept emphasizes shared information, coordination, and verification between independent parties. It underlines how critical accurate, tamper-resistant records are for tracking goods, proving authenticity, and understanding the history of a product from its origin to the final point of delivery.